Central European Papers 2021, 9(2):81-90 | DOI: 10.25142/cep.2021.011

HATE CRIME ELIMINATION INSTRUMENTS IN HUNGARY

Matú¹ Vyrostko1
1 The Institute of Public Administration and Social Policy Faculty of Public Policies in Opava, Silesian University in Opava

Extremism is an undesirable anti-social phenomenon, belief or behavior that most  societies naturally try to eliminate, or at least mitigate its negative effects. The horrors of the Second World War significantly contributed to the understanding of the seriousness of the  radicalization of society, which can lead to the targeted murder of groups of the population on the basis of nationality, race, religious beliefs, or sexual orientation, etc. The aim of the article is to evaluate the relevance of legal measures against extremism and to point out the current problem areas of the fight against extremism in Hungary on the basis of a brief analysis of the Hungarian Criminal Code and the currently identified number of hate speech and hate acts in Hungary.  In the parts of the article we refer      to the comparison with the Criminal Code no. 300/2005 as amended (Criminal Code of the Slovak Republic). To meet the goal of the article, we use mainly qualitative scientific methods of deduction, induction, analysis, synthesis and comparison.

Keywords: extremism, hate crime, Hungary, criminal law

Received: October 21, 2021; Revised: November 22, 2021; Accepted: December 3, 2021; Published: April 13, 2022  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Vyrostko M. HATE CRIME ELIMINATION INSTRUMENTS IN HUNGARY. Central European Papers. 2021;9(2):81-90. doi: 10.25142/cep.2021.011.
Download citation

References

  1. Act no. 300/2005 Coll. Criminal Code as amended.
  2. Act C of 2012. The Criminal Code of Hungary, as amended. In: net.jogtar.hu [online]. 2018 [cit. 15.08.2021]. Available from: https://net.jogtar.hu/jogszabaly?docid=A1200100.TV
  3. Amnesty International, Violent Attacks Against Roma in Hungary. Time to Investigate Racial Motivation. London: Amnesty International. 47 s. Available from: https://www.amnesty. org/en/documents/eur27/001/2010/en/
  4. BIHARIOVÁ, Irena et al., Hate crimes. Legislation and instruments for reporting hate crime in Europe. Bratislava: Man in Danger, 2018. ISBN 978-80-89817-22-1.
  5. Council Framework Decision 2008/913 / JHA of 28 November 2008 on combating certain forms and expressions of racism and xenophobia by means of criminal law, OJ L OJ L 328/55, 06.12.2008. In: Eur-lex.eu [online]. 06.12.2008 [cit. 21.08.2021]. Available from: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex:32008F0913
  6. European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights. Racism, Discrimination, Intolerance and Extremism: Learning from Experiences in Greece and Hungary. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2013, 58 s. ISBN 78-92-9239-418-9.
  7. HALMAI, Gábor: Violent Radicalization in Hungary, in: Fundamentum, 9, 2005, 5, 85-93. ISSN 1417-2844.
  8. National Hate Crime Report: Hungary. [online]. 07.07.2017 [cit. 20.08.2021]. Availablefrom: https://szubjektiv.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/National_Hate_Crime_ Report_Hungray_07-07-2017.pdf?fbclid=IwAR0Nyg12Q5hmuaIY1bnNdZ5rv1vIET2 pMGVfxnAGzB5BjG
  9. Osce. Hungary. In: Hatecrime.osce.org [online]. 2021 [cit. 15.08.2021]. Available from: https://hatecrime.osce.org/
  10. PERRY, Joanna., DOMBAS, Tamás., and KOZÁRY, Andrea: Connecting on hate crime data in Hungary. In: Facingfacts.eu [online]. 2018. [cit. 12.03.2020]. Available from: https:// www.facingfacts.eu/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2019/11/Facing-Facts-Country-Report- Hungary-with-Self-Assessment-271119.pdf
  11. The Overseas Security Advisory Council. Hungary 2018 Crime & Safety Report. In: osac. gov [online]. 04/04/2018 [cit. 01/08/2019]. Available from: https://www.osac.gov/Pages/ ContentReportDetails.aspx?cid=23810
  12. Vyrostko, Matus: Legal instruments to eliminate extremism in the Federal Republic of Germany, in: Theory and practice of public administration: a peer-reviewed collection of papers from the 5th year of the scientific conference of doctoral students 6.2.2020. Ko¹ice: Pavel Jozef ©afárik University in Ko¹ice, 2020, 375-385 [online]. ISBN (online) 978-80-8152-841-5.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.